Different approaches to explore the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on carbonaceous aerosols at a European rural background site.

To prevent the fast spread of COVID-19, worldwide restrictions have been put in place, leading to a reduction in emissions from most anthropogenic sources. In this study, the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on elemental (EC) and organic (OC) carbon was explored at a European rural background site combining different approaches: - "Horizontal approach (HA)" consists of comparing concentrations of pollutants measured at 4 m a.g.l. during pre-COVID period (2017-2019) to those measured during COVID period (2020-2021); - "Vertical approach (VA)" consists of inspecting the relationship between OC and EC measured at 4 m and those on top (230 m) of a 250 m-tall tower in Czech Republic. The HA showed that the lockdowns did not systematically result in lower concentrations of both carbonaceous fractions unlike NO2 (25 to 36 % lower) and SO2 (10 to 45 % lower). EC was generally lower during the lockdowns (up to 35 %), likely attributed to the traffic restrictions whereas increased OC (up to 50 %) could be attributed to enhanced emissions from the domestic heating and biomass burning during this stay-home period, but also to the enhanced concentration of SOC (up to 98 %). EC and OC were generally higher at 4 m suggesting a greater influence of local sources near the surface. Interestingly, the VA revealed a significantly enhanced correlation between EC and OC measured at 4 m and those at 230 m (R values up to 0.88 and 0.70 during lockdown 1 and 2, respectively), suggesting a stronger influence of aged and long distance transported aerosols during the lockdowns. This study reveals that lockdowns did not necessarily affect aerosol absolute concentrations but it certainly influenced their vertical distribution. Therefore, analyzing the vertical distribution can allow a better characterization of aerosol properties and sources at rural background sites, especially during a period of significantly reduced human activities.

Anthropause environmentalisms: Noticing natures with the Self‐Isolating Bird Club

This paper offers a detailed empirical account of how human–environment relations were reconfigured in the UK and Ireland during the 2020–2021 COVID‐19 lockdowns, a period which natural scientists defined as the COVID‐19 Anthropause. Bringing this scientific concept into conversation with geographical work, we consider anthropause as both a lived condition and an historical moment of space–time decompression. Our expanded conceptualisation of anthropause, centred on lived experience and everyday life, develops a more hopeful politics than those offered by the 'Great Acceleration' narrative, which suggests digital media and urbanisation separate humans from nature. In contrast, we identify affirmative and inclusive modes of 'anthropause environmentalism' and explore their potential for fostering convivial human–nature relations in a world that is increasingly urban, digital, and powered by vernacular expertise. To make this argument, we turn to the Self‐Isolating Bird Club, an online birdwatching community operating across several social media platforms which, at the pandemic's height, reached over 50,000 members. We trace three key changes to human–nature relations illustrated by this group which we use to structure our paper: connection, community and cultivation. The COVID‐19 Anthropause recalibrated the fabric and rhythms of everyday life, changing what counts as a meaningful human–nature relationship. This paper will be of interest to geographers exploring environmental change at the interface of more‐than‐human and digital geographies, as well as environmentalists and conservationists. To conclude, we offer suggestions as to how scholars and practitioners might harness the lessons of anthropause to respond to the 'anthropulse'. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

PM2.5 carbonaceous components and mineral dust at a COALESCE network site - Bhopal, India: Assessing the impacts of COVID-19 lockdowns on site-specific optical properties.

Thermal elemental carbon (EC), optical black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC), mineral dust (MD), and 7-wavelength optical attenuation of 24-hour ambient PM2.5 samples were measured/estimated at a regionally representative site (Bhopal, central India) during a business-as-usual year (2019) and the COVID-19 lockdowns year (2020). This dataset was used to estimate the influence of emissions source reductions on the optical properties of light-absorbing aerosols. During the lockdown period, the concentration of EC, OC, BC880 nm, and PM2.5 increased by 70 % ± 25 %, 74 % ± 20 %, 91 % ± 6 %, and 34 % ± 24 %, respectively, while MD concentration decreased by 32 % ± 30 %, compared to the same time period in 2019. Also, during the lockdown period, the estimated absorption coefficient (babs) and mass absorption cross-section (MAC) values of Brown Carbon (BrC) at 405 nm were higher (42 % ± 20 % and 16 % ± 7 %, respectively), while these quantities for MD, i.e., babs-MD and MACMD values were lower (19 % ± 9 % and 16 % ± 10 %), compared to the corresponding period during 2019. Also, babs-BC-808 (115 % ± 6 %) and MACBC-808 (69 % ± 45 %) values increased during the lockdown period compared with the corresponding period during 2019. It is hypothesized that although anthropogenic emissions (chiefly industrial and vehicular) reduced drastically during the lockdown period compared to the business-as-usual period, an increase in the values of optical properties (babs and MAC) and concentrations of BC and BrC, were likely due to the increased local and regional biomass burning emissions during this period. This hypothesis is supported by the CBPF (Conditional Bivariate Probability Function) and PSCF (Potential Source Contribution Function) analyses for BC and BrC.

Living and learning in uncertainty: Family learning and information management during the COVID-19 lockdowns

Background: When Covid-19 arrived and sparked a wave of lockdowns in the Spring of 2020, parents and other caregivers (e.g., grandparents, adult siblings) needed to decide what to tell their children, how to respond to the children's questions about the changes in their routines, and how much to shelter their children from pandemic news and media. At the time, information about the "new normal" was plentiful and chaotic;families were left mostly on their own to determine how to care for the physical, social, and mental wellbeing of the family members. Families, already essential yet underappreciated or overlooked learning environments, became visible centers for learning as the physical boundaries between school, home, work, and community life collapsed. Indeed, the Covid19 pandemic is a special lens through which to understand expansive family learning dynamics with respect to the experience of sense-making in the pandemic. Caregivers are mediators and brokers of learning for their children;thus, their perspectives are critical to understand as we prepare to respond to future crises. Objective: This study examines how three mechanisms shaped learning about the Covid19 pandemic in families with elementary school children from around the U.S. during the Spring of 2020. My primary research questions are: 1. What can we learn about children's information needs in times of crisis from the questions they asked of their caregivers about the Covid-19 pandemic?2. How were families using social and media resources to learn about Covid-19, and how did these resources play into caregivers' approaches to discussing the pandemic with their children?3. How were caregivers managing the flow of Covid-19 information in their homes with respect to their children? Methodology: The data analyzed come from a larger diary study research project conducted by Dr. Brigid Barron's youthLab, documenting how 109 families with elementary school aged children across the U.S. adapted to distance learning in the first wave of Covid-19 lockdowns. We used dscout, a cell-phone-based, multimodal, qualitative research platform, to both collect the data and recruit participants. To qualify to participate in the study, caregivers who applied to be in the study needed to have at least one child in K-5 and give IRB consent. The final participants were mostly female caregivers (67%) who had children in public schools (84%). 55% self-identified as White, an X% self-reported incomes at or below the national average of $74,000. One portion of the study asked the caregivers to reflect on how they were learning about Covid-19 with their families. I took the multimodal data that participants provided in response to our prompts about their Covid-19 learning ecologies (written responses, two-minute selfie-style videos, pictures, and answers to multiple-choice questions) and performed multiple rounds of qualitative and descriptive statistical analyses on three units of analysis. These units of analysis are aligned to the research questions above. They are: the questions caregivers reported their children asking about Covid-19, the social and media resources caregivers drew on to learn about the pandemic with their children and inform their conversations, and caregivers' perspectives on their children's information needs and their goals for how their children's experience in the pandemic. The analyses build on each other to inform holistic case analyses of six families that demonstrate how the dynamics of Covid-19 learning were playing out in the caregiver's reports of the families' engagement with information about the pandemic. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Keeping calm and carrying on: International students in lockdown

What has been the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on international students and how have they coped with living, often in isolation, in a foreign country? This article examines the challenges and coping strategies of current and recently grad-uated higher degree by research (HDR) international students in the Australian city of Melbourne through a transient migration lens. Through interviews with eight international students during one of Melbourne's lockdown periods, this pilot study provided participants the opportunity to explain that not only were they dealing with the difficulties posed by lockdowns (e.g., loneliness and lack of sense of belonging) but doing so while balancing non-lockdown-related issues as students and transient migrants (e.g., passing their degree courses). Students interviewed however also revealed that they made the most out of lockdowns while taking charge of their own well-being by working towards their postgraduate futures and using the time to discover new non-study-related talents (e.g., water-colouring). The results of this study provide international education stakeholders and higher education institutions with ways of moving forward in the student support space. © 2022 Intellect Ltd Article. English language.

Impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on retail stock trading patterns

The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of the first wave of COVID-19 lockdowns on retail stock trading patterns, at a transnational level. Cross-sectional empirical research was utilized with five samples of public companies from the US, Europe, Asia, and blended equity capital markets globally. The impact of the first wave of COVID-19 lockdowns on stock trading patterns was investigated using median tests and the factors that influence retail stock trading were explored with regression analyses. Contrary to the conventional proposition that stock trading activity is reduced during times of crisis, the results of this study indicate that retail stock trading increased during the first wave of COVID-19 lockdowns. In addition, the findings raise awareness of the risks to novice retail investors associated with the increased stock trading due to herd behavior. © 2023 The Author(s). This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license.

Optimum supervised classification algorithm identification by investigating PlanetScope and Skysat multispectral satellite data of Covid lockdown

This research identifies the optimum supervised classification algorithm based on modeling Covid 19 lockdown situations all around the World. The deadly Covid 19 viruses suddenly stopped the fast-moving world and all the commercial and noncommercial activities were stalled for an uncertain period during 2020-2021. In this work, object-based image classification approaches have been used to compare pre-Covid and post-Covid (at the time lockdown) images of the study area. These study areas are Washington DC, USA, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Cairo, Egypt, Afghanistan/Iran border, and Beijing, China. All the study areas possess different geographical conditions but have a similar situation of Covid 19 lockdowns. Six supervised image classification techniques are known as Parallelepiped classification (PPC), Minimum distance classification (MDC), Mahalanobis distance classification (MaDC), Maximum likelihood classification (MLC), Spectral angle mapper classification (SAMC) and Spectral information divergence classification (SIDC) are used to classify the satellite data of the study area. Thus based on classification results and statistical features, it has been observed that PPChas obtained the least significant results. In contrast, the most reliable results and highest classification accuracies are obtained through MDC, MaDC, and MLCclassification algorithms. © 2022 The Author(s)

Child well-being before and after the 2020 COVID-19 lockdowns in three Australian states

This paper reports on changes in the social-emotional well-being of 6- to 12-year-old children tested before the COVID-19 pandemic and during 2020 and 2021. Well-being was assessed using a video game that empowers children to report their own well-being, including school attachment, social and emotional well-being, behavioural conformity and family support. We compared well-being over time for two groups of children in government schools in Queensland, Western Australia and Tasmania. The treatment group of 580 children were tested in 2019 (Time 1) and a second time in mid-late 2020 and early 2021 (Time 2). The comparison group of 841 children were tested twice before the pandemic. Results showed that children in the treatment group reported significantly lower family support at Time 2 than those in the comparison group. This reduction in perceived family support was stronger for girls. In addition, children in the treatment group who reported lower levels of family support at Time 1 reported a steeper decline in family support by Time 2. Finally, boys in the treatment group reported significantly better behavioural conformity and emotional well-being relative to girls over time. Results highlight the varied impacts of the pandemic lockdowns and the need to provide continued support to vulnerable families. © 2023 The Authors. Australian Journal of Social Issues published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australian Social Policy Association.

Keeping calm and carrying on: International students in lockdown

What has been the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on international students and how have they coped with living, often in isolation, in a foreign country? This article examines the challenges and coping strategies of current and recently graduated higher degree by research (HDR) international students in the Australian city of Melbourne through a transient migration lens. Through interviews with eight international students during one of Melbourne's lockdown periods, this pilot study provided participants the opportunity to explain that not only were they dealing with the difficulties posed by lockdowns (e.g., loneliness and lack of sense of belonging) but doing so while balancing non-lockdown-related issues as students and transient migrants (e.g., passing their degree courses). Students interviewed however also revealed that they made the most out of lockdowns while taking charge of their own well-being by working towards their postgraduate futures and using the time to discover new non-study-related talents (e.g., watercolouring). The results of this study provide international education stakeholders and higher education institutions with ways of moving forward in the student support space.

The Mega-Eco-38 Garden City: Stories of Rewilding and Ecodystopia

Over the years, the concept of the garden city has been widely misinterpreted. So argue Nano Langenheim, lecturer in Landscape Architecture at the University of Melbourne, and Kongjian Yu, professor and founding dean of the Peking University College of Architecture and Landscape and founder principal designer of Turenscape. They introduce a more refined transdisciplinary approach to the greening and wilding of cities and some of the consequent complex ecological issues that have to be addressed. Copyright © 2023 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The Effect of COVID-19 on Maternal Mental Health and Medical Support.

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic that affected the overall mental health of the population. As seen in previous situations, there seemed to be an extreme impact of disasters on the mental health of pregnant women and new mothers; therefore, we investigated the relationship between COVID-19 and maternal mental health. The pregnant subjects were identified during the study period through convenience sampling. The study received Institutional Review Board approval and online surveys were sent to subjects via email. The questions were focused on feelings about being pregnant and the influence of the practices during the pandemic. Fifty-one (51) pregnant patients were identified. Our study found that 92.3% of the participants felt negatively, as the COVID-19 precautions did not permit their significant other to attend their routine prenatal visits with them. 64.7% felt that the visits were less personal, 100% felt that they had to take more precautions. Only 42% of the doctors of the subjects discussed how COVID-19 could affect the pregnancy and the baby. Pregnant subjects all had negative feelings towards the pandemic, routine precautions, and the inability to include significant others in prenatal visits and delivery. The majority did not feel their medical teams discussed how COVID-19 could affect the baby.

Optimum supervised classification algorithm identification by investigating PlanetScope and Skysat multispectral satellite data of Covid lockdown

This research identifies the optimum supervised classification algorithm based on modeling Covid 19 lockdown situations all around the World. As the deadly Covid 19 viruses suddenly stopped the fast-moving World. All the commercial and noncommercial activities suddenly stop for an uncertain period during 2020-2021. In this work, object-based image classification approaches have been used to compare pre-Covid and post-Covid (at the time lockdown) images of the study area. These study areas are Washington DC, USA, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Cairo, Egypt, Afghanistan/Iran border, and Beijing, China. All the study areas possess different geographical conditions but have a similar situation of Covid 19 lockdowns. Six supervised image classification techniques are known as Parallelepiped classification (PPC), Minimum distance classification (MDC), Mahalanobis distance classification (MaDC), Maximum likelihood classification (MLC), Spectral angle mapper classification (SAMC) and Spectral information divergence classification (SIDC) are used to classify the satellite data of the study area. Thus based on classification results and statistical features, it has been observed that PPChas obtained the least significant results. In contrast, the most reliable results and highest classification accuracies are obtained through MDC, MaDC, and MLCclassification algorithms.

Spirituality During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Online Creative Arts Intervention With Photocollages for Older Adults in Italy and Israel.

The present study aimed to examine how expressions of spirituality were stimulated and reflected in an online creative arts intervention for older adults during COVID-19 lockdowns. The online process focused on the creation of digital photocollages together with narrative elements of dignity therapy. Twenty-four Israeli and Italian community-dwelling older adults aged 78-92 participated in a three-session online intervention involving the production of three photocollages. The visual and verbal data (participants' chosen photos and photocollages, and transcripts of the sessions) were qualitatively analyzed within an abductive framework. Four themes were generated, representing the four domains of spirituality that were stimulated by and expressed in the process: (1) Connectedness with the self, (2) connectedness with others, (3) connectedness with the environment, and (4) connectedness with the transcendent. The findings show how photographs can serve as projective visual stimuli which elicit personal content through spontaneous thinking, and they reveal the multifaceted nature of spirituality, wherein each domain nourishes the others. Overall, the findings illustrate how creative arts intervention guided by the tenets of dignity therapy can contribute to the spiritual care of older adults during periods of social isolation, or to the spiritual support provided in palliative care.

Anthropause environmentalisms: Noticing natures with the Self‐Isolating Bird Club

This paper offers a detailed empirical account of how human-environment relations were reconfigured in the UK and Ireland during the 2020-2021 COVID-19 lockdowns, a period which natural scientists defined as the COVID-19 Anthropause. Bringing this scientific concept into conversation with geographical work, we consider anthropause as both a lived condition and an historical moment of space-time decompression. Our expanded conceptualisation of anthropause, centred on lived experience and everyday life, develops a more hopeful politics than those offered by the 'Great Acceleration' narrative, which suggests digital media and urbanisation separate humans from nature. In contrast, we identify affirmative and inclusive modes of 'anthropause environmentalism' and explore their potential for fostering convivial human-nature relations in a world that is increasingly urban, digital, and powered by vernacular expertise. To make this argument, we turn to the Self-Isolating Bird Club, an online birdwatching community operating across several social media platforms which, at the pandemic's height, reached over 50,000 members. We trace three key changes to human-nature relations illustrated by this group which we use to structure our paper: connection, community and cultivation. The COVID-19 Anthropause recalibrated the fabric and rhythms of everyday life, changing what counts as a meaningful human-nature relationship. This paper will be of interest to geographers exploring environmental change at the interface of more-than-human and digital geographies, as well as environmentalists and conservationists. To conclude, we offer suggestions as to how scholars and practitioners might harness the lessons of anthropause to respond to the 'anthropulse'.

Physical activity as a counteracting measure to mitigate the harmful effects of COVID-19 lockdowns: Special focus on healthy children, adolescents, adults, elderly, athletes, and people with Down syndrome

Notwithstanding variations in individual tolerance to living in confined environments, there is marked consistency of public health measures on psychological and physiological health effects. In addition, physical exercise can be considered a viable tool for the management, treatment, and health maintenance of those living in confined environments and/or experiencing limited movement because of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this unique situation, physical activity can be delivered through a multitude of technological tools, such as physical activity trackers and applications for smart watches and phones, that can help improve the delivery of supervised physical activity interventions. This chapter summarized the potential beneficial effects of physical activity in healthy children, adolescents, adults, elderly, but also on specific populations, as athletes and those with Down syndrome. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

The impact of built environment on mental health: A COVID-19 lockdown perspective.

Tackling mental health has become a priority for governments around the world because it influences not only individuals but also the whole society. As people spend a majority of their time (i.e., around 90%) in buildings, it is pivotal to understand the relationship between built environment and mental health, particularly during COVID-19 when people have experienced recurrent local and national lockdowns. Despite the demonstration by previous research that the design of the built environment can affect mental health, it is not clear if the same influence pattern remains when a 'black swan' event (e.g., COVID-19) occurs. To this end, we performed logistic regression and hierarchical regression analyses to examine the relationship between built environment and mental health utilising a data sample from the United Kingdom (UK) residents during the COVID-19 lockdown while considering their social demographics. Our results show that compared with depression and anxiety, people were more likely to feel stressed during the lockdown period. Furthermore, general house type, home workspace, and neighbourhood environment and amenity were identified to have significantly contributed to their mental health status. With the ensuing implications, this study represents one of the first to inform policymakers and built environment design professionals of how built environment should be designed to accommodate features that could mitigate mental health problems in any future crisis. As such, it contributes to the body of knowledge of built environment planning by considering mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown.

Variations in the Yamuna River Water Quality During the COVID-19 Lockdowns

The COVID-19 pandemic that emerged in Wuhan city of China in December 2019 has adversely impacted the health and the economy, society, and other significant spheres of the human environment. The pandemic has severely impacted economic activities, especially the industrial production, transportation, tourism, and hoteling industries. The present study analyses the impact of varying severity of lockdowns of economic activities during various phases of the pandemic on the water quality of the Yamuna river on parameters like pH values, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids, and electrical conductivity. The study has found a significant improvement in water quality parameters with closing economic activities during lockdowns. The average levels of concentration of these parameters of water quality were quite low during the lockdown period at 7.26 (pH value), 31.32, 136.07, 7.93, 30.33 mg/L, and 1500.24 mu S/cm compared to pre lockdown periods levels at 7.53 (pH), 39.62, 116.52, 6.1, 57.2 mg/L and 1743.01 mu S/cm for biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids, and electrical conductivity, respectively. In addition, the study has found a strong significant positive correlation between COD with BOD and TSS during the lockdown period. The major findings from the present study could be instrumental in making environmentally sustainable policies for the country's economic development. There is also a huge scope of scaling up of the study at the national level to analyze the health of the rivers in the backdrop of lockdowns.

How Did the Psychological Well-Being of Church of England Clergy and Laity Change From the First to the Third National COVID-19 Lockdowns?

The balanced affect model of psychological well-being conceptualises positive and negative affect as two separate continua and well-being as the function of these two entities. The COVID-19 pandemic lasted over two years in the United Kingdom and initially caused widespread declines in mental health and well-being. This paper tests whether such declines continued or stabilised as the pandemic lockdowns persisted. The psychological well-being of a religiously committed sample was assessed by perceived changes in affect balance (a function of negative and positive affect) using The Index of Affect Balance Change (TIBACh) from the first to the third COVID-19 lockdowns in the Church of England. The 2020 sample in the first lockdown comprised 792 stipendiary parochial clergy and 2,815 laity who were not in licensed ministry in the Church of England. A repeat survey in the third lockdown in England in 2021 collected responses from 401 equivalent clergy and 1027 equivalent laity. Both clergy and lay people showed increased proportions reporting lower positive affect and increased proportions reporting higher negative affect in the second survey, suggesting psychological well-being had continued to deteriorate as lockdowns persisted.

COVID-19 lockdowns: Employment and business disruptions, water access and hygiene practices in Nairobi's informal settlements.

Host to one billion people around the world, informal settlements are especially vulnerable to COVID-19 lockdown measures as they already lack basic services such as water, toilets, and secure housing. Additionally, many residents work in informal labor markets that have been affected by the lockdowns, resulting in further reductions in access to resources, including clean water. This study uses a cross-sectional design (n = 532) to examine the vulnerabilities of households to employment and business disruptions, water access and hygiene practices during the COVID-19 lockdowns between April and June 2020 in three informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. We used survey questions from the Household Water Insecurity Experience Scale (HWISE) to investigate the relationship between employment and business disruptions, water access, and hygiene practices (i.e., hand washing, body washing, clothes washing, and being able to use or drink clean water). Of the sampled households, 96% were forced to reduce work hours during the lockdowns, and these households had 92% lower odds of being able to afford water than households who did not experience a work hour reduction (OR = 0.08, p < .001). Household challenges in affording water were likely due to a combination of reduced household income, increased water prices, and pre-existing poverty, and were ultimately associated with lower hygiene scores (Beta = 1.9, p < .001). Our results highlight a compounding tragedy of reduced water access in informal settlements that were already facing water insecurities at a time when water is a fundamental requirement for following hygiene guidelines to reduce disease burden during an ongoing pandemic. These outcomes emphasize the need for targeted investments in permanent water supply infrastructures and improved hygiene behaviors as a public health priority among households in informal settlements.

Remote Prototyping of FPGA-Based Devices in the IoT Concept during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This paper presents a system for the remote design and testing of electronic circuits and devices with FPGAs during COVID-19 and similar lockdown periods when physical access to laboratories is not permitted. The system is based on the application of the IoT concept, in which the final device is a test board with an FPGA chip. The system allows for remote visual inspection of the board and the devices linked to it in the laboratory. The system was developed for remote learning taking place during the lockdown periods at Poznan University of Technology (PUT) in Poland. The functionality of the system is confirmed by two demonstration tasks (the use of the temperature and humidity DHT11 sensor and the design of a generator of sinusoidal waveforms) for students in the fundamentals of digital design and synthesis courses. The proposed solution allows, in part, to bypass the time-consuming simulations, and accelerate the process of prototyping digital circuits by remotely accessing the infrastructure of the microelectronics laboratory.